Table 1 Patient demographics, operative and tumor characteristics, stratified according to surgical techniques
Control group | GES group | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 48 | N = 55 | ||
Mean ± SD age (ys) | 54.7 ± 12.7 | 53.3 ± 12.6 | 0.57 |
Gender | 0.22 | ||
No. male (%) | 39 (81.3) | 39 (70.9) | |
No. female (%) | 9 (18.7) | 16 (29.1) | |
No. laterality (%) | 0.53 | ||
R | 30 (62.5) | 31 (56.4) | |
L | 18 (37.5) | 24 (43.6) | |
No. Anterior/posterior tumors (%) | 0.57 | ||
Anterior | 25 (52.1) | 26 (46.4) | |
Posterior | 23 (47.9) | 30 (53.6) | |
Mean ± SD BMI (kg/m2) | 25.2 ± 2.8 | 24.3 ± 3.7 | 0.18 |
Mean ± SD ASA score | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 0.29 |
Mean ± SD Charlson comorbidity index | 1.9 ± 1.6 | 2.0 ± 1.2 | 0.76 |
Mean ± SD Console time (mins) | 117 ± 41 | 91 ± 36 | < 0.01 |
Mean ± SD DT (mins) | 93 ± 38 | 67 ± 35 | < 0.01 |
Mean ± SD WIT (mins) | 21.3 ± 5.0 | 20.6 ± 4.2 | 0.46 |
Mean ± SD EBL (ml) | 81 ± 92 | 74 ± 44 | 0.61 |
Mean ± SD Length of stay after operation (days) | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 4.3 ± 0.9 | 0.44 |
No. Clavien–Dindo complication (%) | 0.82 | ||
None | 43 (89.6) | 48 (87.3) | |
Grade I | 3 (6.3) | 5 (9.1) | |
Grade II | 2 (4.1) | 2 (3.6) | |
Mean ± SD tumor diameter (mm) | 35 ± 11 | 38 ± 10 | 0.29 |
Mean ± SD R.E.N.A.L. score | 7.3 ± 1.8 | 7.4 ± 1.8 | 0.73 |
No. R.E.N.A.L. complexity (%) | 0.85 | ||
Low | 14 (29.2) | 16 (29.1) | |
Moderate | 30 (62.5) | 33 (60.0) | |
High | 4 (8.3) | 6 (10.9) | |
Mean ± SD MAP score | 1.9 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 0.26 |
No. histology (%) | 0.86 | ||
Clear cell | 44 (91.7) | 50 (90.9) | |
Papillary | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | |
Chromophobe | 2 (4.1) | 3 (5.5) | |
Other malignant | 1 (2.1) | 2 (3.6) | |
No. pathological stage (%) | 0.86 | ||
T1a | 31 (64.6) | 33 (60.0) | |
T1b | 16 (33.3) | 22 (40.0) | |
T2a | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) |