Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical features of study population
Variable | n = 61 | Male n = 25 | Female n = 36 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean ± SD | 9.3 ± 3.8 | 8.6 ± 3.6 | 9.8 ± 3.8 | 0.241 |
Spina bifida, n (%) | ||||
Aperta | 48 (78.7) | 17 (68) | 31 (86.1) | 0.089 |
Occulta | 13 (21.3) | 8 (32) | 5 (13.9) | |
Level of lesion, n (%) | ||||
L5 or above | 44 (72.1) | 18 (72) | 26 (72.2) | 0.958 |
S1 or bellow | 17 (27.9) | 7 (28) | 10 (27.8) | |
Type of spina bifida, n (%) | ||||
Myelomeningocele | 35 (57.4) | 17 (68) | 18 (50) | 0.045 |
Meningocele | 6 (9.8) | 2 (8) | 4 (11.1) | |
Lipoma | 11 (18) | 6 (24) | 5 (13.9) | |
Indefinite type | 9 (14.8) | 0 (0) | 9 (25) | |
Associated hydrocephalus, n (%) | 33 (54.1) | 16 (64) | 17 (47.2) | |
VCUG done, n (%) | 61 (100) | 25 (100) | 36 (100) | NA |
VUR confirmed, n (%) | ||||
Low-grade VUR* | 3 (4.9) | 2 (8) | 1 (2.8) | 0.05 |
High-grade VUR** | 22 (36.1) | 5 (20) | 17 (47.2) | |
Antibiotic prophylaxis¥, n (%) | 11 (18) | 7 (28) | 4 (11.1) | 0.174 |
Continent vesicostomy done, n (%) | 34 (55.7) | |||
Uretherovesicostomy† | 21 (34.4) | 5 (20) | 16 (44.4) | NA |
Appendicovesicostomy | 11 (18) | 4 (16) | 7 (19.4) | |
Prepucial vesicostomy | 2 (3.3) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) | |
Treatment administered earlier | ||||
Oxybutynin + CIC | 53 (86.9) | 21 (84.0) | 32 (88.9) | 0.578 |
Oxybutynin + CIC + bowel managementπ | 8 (13.1) | 4 (16.0) | 4 (11.1) | |
Orthopaedic surgical intervention on hip, knee and foot deformities, n (%) | 48 (78.7) | 7 (28.0) | 8 (22.2) | 0.606 |
Bed-ridden patients, n (%) | 13 (21.3) | 4 (16) | 9 (25) | 0.399 |