Table 5 GRADE assessment of quality of the body of evidence, and summary of findings
Association studied | No. of studies | Design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Factors that can increase quality of evidence | Pooled effect estimate | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cholelithiasia and risk of PCa | 7 | Observational study | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | All plausible confounding would reduce a demonstrated effect | 1.35(1.17, 1.56) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ MODERATE |
Gallstones and risk of PCa | 3 | Observational study | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 1.16(0.55, 2.46) | ⨁⨁◯◯ LOW |
Cholecystectomy and risk of PCa | 2 | Observational study | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | None | 1.27(0.74, 2.19) | ⨁⨁◯◯ LOW |