Table 2 Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis for overall patient survival
From: Serum lactate dehydrogenase level predicts the prognosis in bladder cancer patients
Factors | Overall survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate | Multivariate | |||
HR (95%CI) | P value | HR (95%CI) | P value | |
Age | ||||
≥ 64 vs. < 64 years | 3.48 (1.69–7.21) | 0.001 | 1.28 (0.57–2.87) | 0.547 |
Sex | ||||
Male vs. female | 0.88 (0.46–1.70) | 0.713 | – | – |
Smoking | ||||
Yes vs. no | 1.43 (0.80–2.54) | 0.226 | – | – |
Pathological type | ||||
Squamous cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma vs. transitional cell carcinoma | 16.91 (8.69–32.90) | < 0.001 | 4.50 (1.96–10.30) | < 0.001 |
T stage | ||||
T2–3 vs. Ta, Tis, T1 | 8.02 (3.75–17.18) | < 0.001 | 3.37 (1.41–8.10) | 0.007 |
N stage | ||||
N1–3 vs. N0 | 13.92 (7.65–25.32) | < 0.001 | 1.74 (0.45–6.72) | 0.420 |
M stage | ||||
M1 vs. M0 | 14.77 (7.94–27.46) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (0.39–3.99) | 0.704 |
Tumor size | ||||
≥ 3 vs. < 3 cm | 1.64 (0.79–3.40) | 0.182 | – | – |
LVI | ||||
Present vs. absent | 4.74 (2.54–8.87) | < 0.001 | 1.53 (0.66–3.55) | 0.327 |
PNI | ||||
Present vs. absent | 3.04 (1.60–5.76) | 0.001 | 1.13 (0.46–2.78) | 0.783 |
Multifocality | ||||
Multifocal vs. unifocal | 1.04 (0.53–2.05) | 0.900 | – | – |
LDH | ||||
High vs. low | 7.23 (3.94–13.24) | < 0.001 | 3.13 (1.55–6.33) | 0.002 |