Table 2 Benefits and side effects of medications for storage symptoms
Medications | Benefits | Side effects |
|---|---|---|
Antimuscarinics | standard, widely used pharmacotherapy for OAB and effective in men | dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, dizziness |
β3-agonists | favorable tolerability, improved persistence and adherence, and cost-effective comparing with antimuscarinics over long-term treatment | headache, hypertension, tachycardia, constipation |
Desmopressin | reducing frequency, urgency, and nocturia by decreasing urinary output and increasing duration of reaching functional bladder capacity | headache, nausea, dizziness, hyponatremia |
Combinations | ||
Antimuscarinics + α-blockers | improve urgency, voiding frequency, nocturia, and IPSS without significantly reducing Qmax than α-blockers alone | more frequent side effects than using each drug separately, such as dry month |
β3-agonists + α-blockers | greater improvements in OAB symptom score than monotherapy | hypertension, headache, nasopharyngitis |
Desmopressin + α-blockers | effective and well tolerated treatment for refractory nocturia | hyponatremia |