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Table 2 Results of growth mixture model for clustering of countries based on their trend of urolithiasis rate along time

From: Longitudinal trend of urolithiasis incidence rates among world countries during past decades

Classes

Coefficients of GMM

Countries in each class

Intercepta

Slopb

p-value

Class 1: Sharp decreasing trend

2330.26

-128.2

 < .001

Afghanistan, Andorra, Comoros

Class 2: Moderate decreasing trend

4808.6

-92.3

 < .001

Cuba, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti

Class 3: Slow decreasing trend

1737.8

-42.45

 < .001

Azerbaijan, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Ethiopia, Greece, Iceland, Iran

Class 4: Very slow increasing trend

1011.2

3.5

 < .001

Other countries

Class 5: Slow increasing trend

2969.6

13.05

.280

Australia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Estonia, Greenland

Class 6: Moderate increasing trend

1443.6

56.85

 < .001

Bahrain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Chad, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Guatemala, Honduras, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Liberia, Morocco, Yemen

Class 7: Sharp increasing trend

1174.6

116.1

 < .001

Congo, Eswatini, Gabon, Grenada

  1. aThe intercepts represent the estimated overall mean level of the initial urolithiasis rate
  2. bThe slopes show the average rate of change in urolithiasis rate over time within each class