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Fig. 3 | BMC Urology

Fig. 3

From: Optimizing targeting strategies for lithotripsy through in-vitro and in vivo studies with consideration of respiratory regularity

Fig. 3

Analysis of stone fragment efficiency. a The hit rate quantification of stone targeting was measured by adjusted respiration compared to non-adjusted respiration. Shock-wave frequency: 60 times/min (1 Hz), 90 times/min (1.5 Hz), and 120 times/min (2 Hz). Respiration rate: slow (12 RR/min), intermediate (15 RR/min), and fast (20 RR/min). Hit rate: a number of shock-waves focused on the stone out of a total number of shock-waves. b The change in the weight of the stone was measured according to respiration rate and shock-wave frequency. The stone weight change was analyzed by adjusted respiration (b), compared to non-adjusted respiration with frequency of 1 Hz (c), 1.5 Hz (d), and 2 Hz (e). f A percentage of phantom gel cavitation numbers was counted according to respiration adjustment. Phantom gel cavitation was individually marked and counted using a Sprinter-HD high-speed camera of the CamRecord-Sprinter series (Optronics GMBH, Ludwigstr, Kehl, Germany

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BMC Urology

ISSN: 1471-2490

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