Table 1 Characteristics of studies included in the network meta-analysis
Study | Year of publication | Treatment | Sample size (T/C) | Median age | Gender (male/ female) | Follow up (month) | Therapeutic regimen | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Robert J Motzer [14] | 2023 | nivolumab+ipilimumab | 405 | 58 | 286/119 | 37 | nivolumab (240 mg) every 2 weeks for 12 doses plus ipilimumab (1 mg/kg) every 6 weeks for 4 doses | DFS/AE |
placebo | 411 | 57 | 294/117 | 37 | ||||
M. Aitchison [15] | 2014 | IL2 + IFN + 5FU | 154 | 57 | 107/47 | 72 | triple combination therapy (5-flurouracil, alpha-interferon (Roferon), interleukin-2(Proleukin)) no later than 12 weeks following surgery | DFS/OS |
observation | 155 | 55 | 101/44 | 72 | ||||
Sumanta Kumar Pal [7] | 2022 | atezolizumab | 390 | 61 | 287/103 | 60 | atezolizumab (1200 mg intravenous) once every 3 weeks for 16 cycles or 1 year | DFS/AE |
placebo | 388 | 60 | 278/110 | 60 | ||||
Robert J. Motzer [9] | 2021 | pazopanib | 769 | 58 | 537/232 | 76 | pazopanib or placebo for 1 year | OS |
placebo | 769 | 59 | 554/215 | 76 | ||||
Choueiri, Toni K [16] | 2021 | pembrolizumab | 496 | 60 | 347/149 | 24.1 | pembrolizumab(200 mg) once every 3 weeks for up to 17cycles (approximately 1 year) | DFS/AE |
placebo | 498 | 60 | 359/139 | 24.1 | ||||
Tim Eisen, [17] | 2020 | sorafenib | 639 | 58 | 458/181 | 78 | sorafenib 400 mg twice per day orally | DFS/OS/AE |
sorafenib + placebo | 642 | 58 | 452/190 | 78 | ||||
placebo | 430 | 58 | 306/124 | 78 | ||||
Robert J. Motzer [18] | 2018 | sunitinib | 309 | 57 | 222/87 | 60 | sunitinib or placebo for nine cycles (_1 year) | DFS/OS/AE |
placebo | 306 | 58 | 230/76 | 78 | ||||
Naomi B Haas [5] | 2016 | sunitinib | 647 | 56 | 429/218 | 60 | sunitinib 50 mg per day orally, sorafenib 400 mg twice per day orally for 54 weeks | DFS/OS/AE |
sorafenib | 649 | 55 | 437/212 | 60 | ||||
placebo | 647 | 57 | 443/204 | 60 | ||||
J Atzpodien [19] | 2005 | IL2 + IFN + 5FU | 135 | 59 | 97/38 | 51.6 | subcutaneous interleukin-2, interferon-alpha2a, and intravenous 5-fluorouracil for 8 weeks | RFS/OS |
observation | 68 | 60 | 54/14 | 51.6 | ||||
Karim Chamie [20] | 2017 | girentuximab | 433 | 58 | 276/157 | 54 | girentuximab, 50 mg (week 1), followed by weekly intravenous infusions of girentuximab, 20 mg (weeks 2–24) | DFS/OS/AE |
placebo | 431 | 58 | 298/133 | 54 | ||||
Giuseppe Procopio [21] | 2019 | sorafenib | 32 | 65 | 20/12 | 38 | sorafenib (standard dose 400 mg twice daily) for 52 wk | RFS/OS/AE |
observation | 36 | 59 | 45/80 | 38 | ||||
Thomas Powles [22] | 2021 | pembrolizumab | 496 | 60 | 347/149 | 30.1 | pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks for up to 17 cycles | DFS/OS/AE |
Placebo | 498 | 60 | 359/139 | 30.1 | ||||
Seiji Naito [23] | 1997 | tegafur + uracil | 33 | - | 22/11 | 112.9 | tegafur and uracil (300 to 600 mg as tegafur) every day for 2 years | RFS/AE |
observation | 33 | - | 22/11 | 112.9 | ||||
A. Mennitto [24] | 2021 | sorafenib | 32 | 65 | 20/12 | 42 | sorafenib (standard dose 400 mg twice daily) for 52 wk | RFS |
observation | 36 | 59 | 45/80 | 42 | ||||
Robert J. Motze [25] | 2017 | pazopanib600mg | 571 | 58 | 398/173 | 47.9 | pazopanib 800 mg once daily as the starting dose, then reduced to 600 mg once daily | DFS/OS/AE |
placebo | 564 | 58 | 400/164 | |||||
pazopanib800mg | 198 | 56 | 139/59 | 47.9 | ||||
placebo | 205 | 60 | 154/51 | 47.9 | ||||
Naomi B. Haas [26] | 2017 | sunitinib | 358 | 58 | 243/115 | 60 | sunitinib (50 mg), sorafenib (800 mg) for 1 year | DFS/OS |
sorafenib | 355 | 57 | 248/107 | 60 | ||||
placebo | 356 | 58 | 254/102 | 60 | ||||
M. Gross-Goupil [11] | 2018 | axitinib | 363 | 58 | 280/83 | 31 | axitinib 5 mg twice-daily oral | DFS/AE |
placebo | 361 | 58 | 250/11 | 31 |