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  1. To compare clinical intra and early postoperative outcomes between conventional Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate using the Virtual Basket tool (VB...

    Authors: Giorgio Bozzini, Matteo Maltagliati, Umberto Besana, Lorenzo Berti, Albert Calori, Maria Chiara Sighinolfi, Salvatore Micali, Jean Baptiste Roche, Ali Gozen, Alexander Mueller, Dimitry Pushkar, Evangelos Liatsikos, Marco Boldini, Carlo Buizza and Bernardo Rocco

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:28

    Content type: Research article

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  2. The urinary stone and urinary tract infection (UTI) are invariably associated and are frequent causes of morbidity. Date on burden of UTI among urinary stone patients is lacking in Ethiopia. This study was aim...

    Authors: Desie Kasew, Setegn Eshetie, Abeje Diress, Zerubabiel Tegegne and Feleke Moges

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:27

    Content type: Research article

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  3. A history of prior cancer commonly results in exclusion from cancer clinical trials. However, whether a prior cancer history has an adversely impact on clinical outcomes for patients with advanced prostate can...

    Authors: Yechen Wu, Xi Chen, Duocheng Qian, Wei Wang, Yiping Zhang, Jinxin Hu, Jun Zhu, Qiang Wu and Tinghu Cao

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:26

    Content type: Research article

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  5. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the new flow cytometer UF-5000 with the UF-1000i and Gram staining for determining bacterial patterns in urine samples.

    Authors: Stephen Shei-Dei Yang, Chun-Chun Yang, Yi-Sheng Chen and Shang-Jen Chang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:24

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is an HIV prevention strategy recommended to partially protect men from heterosexually acquired HIV. From 2015 to 2019, the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief...

    Authors: Todd Lucas, Jonas Z. Hines, Julia Samuelson, Timothy Hargreave, Stephanie M. Davis, Ian Fellows, Amber Prainito, D. Heather Watts, Valerian Kiggundu, Anne G. Thomas, Onkemetse Conrad Ntsuape, Kunle Dare, Elijah Odoyo-June, Leonard Soo, Likabelo Toti-Mokoteli, Robert Manda…

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:23

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Ureteral fibro-epithelial polyp (UFP) is a rare benign ureteral tumor, and surgical removal of the polyps is still the preferred solution. Although many cases have reported polyps extending to the bladder, our...

    Authors: Zhi-Wei Sun, Jian-Kang Ge, You Wu and Ye-Qing Huang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:22

    Content type: Case report

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  8. To compare the functional and oncological outcomes between innovative “three-port” and traditional “four-port” laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

    Authors: Ben Xu, Si-da Cheng, Yi-ji Peng and Qian Zhang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:21

    Content type: Research article

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  9. In May 2012 the US Preventive Task Force issued a ‘D’ recommendation against routine PSA-based early detection of prostate cancer. This recommendation was implemented progressively in our health system. The ai...

    Authors: Tarek Ajami, Jaime Durruty, Claudia Mercader, Leonardo Rodriguez, Maria J. Ribal, Antonio Alcaraz and Antoni Vilaseca

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:20

    Content type: Research article

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  10. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Chun Feng, Ping-Ping Lv, Chang-Chang Huang, Song-Qing Yang, Qiu-Ping Yao, Jin-Ming Shen and Min Jin

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:19

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Urology 2020 20:188

  11. Active surveillance (AS) is a management option for men diagnosed with lower risk prostate cancer. There is wide variation in all aspects of AS internationally, from patient selection to investigations and fol...

    Authors: Samuel W. D. Merriel, Daniel Moon, Phil Dundee, Niall Corcoran, Peter Carroll, Alan Partin, Joseph A. Smith, Freddie Hamdy, Caroline Moore, Piet Ost and Tony Costello

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:18

    Content type: Research

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  12. Several approaches for urethral catheterization after the failure of initial urethral catheterization have been introduced. However, standard procedures regarding what should be done after failed conventional ...

    Authors: Si Hyun Kim, Hee Jo Yang, Doo Sang Kim, Chang Ho Lee, Youn Soo Jeon and Ki Hong Kim

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:17

    Content type: Research

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  13. Splenogondal fusion (SGF) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by abnormal association between the splenic tissue and the gonads or mesonephric remnants. SGF that requires separate two-stage laparoscopic...

    Authors: Guangjie Chen, Xiaohao Wang, Yijun Zhao, Linfeng Zhu and Daxing Tang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:16

    Content type: Case report

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  14. Phimosis is the inability to retract the preputium downward over the glans penis. Despite the various techniques of preputial plasty described in literature, the most performed surgical treatment is still the ...

    Authors: Pagano Carmine, Faenza Mario, Guastafierro Antonio, Manfellotto Vincenzo, Grella Elisa, Cosenza Angelo, Pieretti Gorizio and Izzo Sara

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:15

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Previous findings indicate that pre-emptive pregabalin as part of multimodal anesthesia reduces opioid requirements compared to conventional anesthesia in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prosta...

    Authors: K. Sisa, S. Huoponen, O. Ettala, H. Antila, T. I. Saari and P. Uusalo

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:14

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Verrucous carcinoma, a rare low-grade well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, is known for its favorable biological behavior and lack of metastatic potential. However, aggressive resection is problematic ...

    Authors: Dong In Jo, Song Hyun Han, Soon Heum Kim, Hye Young Kim, Hong Chung and Hong Sup Kim

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:13

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Radical prostatectomy is the gold standard treatment for men with localized prostate cancer. This technique is associated with post-operative urinary incontinence. Pelvic floor physiotherapy is a conservative,...

    Authors: R. Pané-Alemany, I. Ramírez-García, A. Carralero-Martínez, L. Blanco-Ratto, S. Kauffmann and E. Sánchez

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:12

    Content type: Study protocol

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  18. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy is the conventional method of diagnosing prostate cancer. TRUS-guided prostate biopsy can occasionally be associated with severe complications. Here, w...

    Authors: Shunichiro Nomura, Yuka Toyama, Jun Akatsuka, Yuki Endo, Ryoji Kimata, Yasutomo Suzuki, Tsutomu Hamasaki, Go Kimura and Yukihiro Kondo

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:11

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  19. A history of preoperative obstructive pyelonephritis has been reported as a risk factor for febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) after ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL). But there is no clear evidence of risk...

    Authors: Yoshitaka Itami, Makito Miyake, Takuya Owari, Takashi Iwamoto, Daisuke Gotoh, Hitoshi Momose, Kiyohide Fujimoto and Shuya Hirao

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:10

    Content type: Research article

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  20. A link between sexual dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been noticed. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the standard treatment for ...

    Authors: Li K. Chen, Yu W. Lai, Li P. Chiu and Saint Shiou-Sheng Chen

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:9

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Although it is known that malignancies can be associated with dermatomyositis, there are few reports on dermatomyositis associated with prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation.

    Authors: Hideyuki Minagawa, Taketo Kawai, Akihiko Matsumoto, Katsuhiro Makino, Yusuke Sato, Kenji Nagasaka, Masami Tokura, Nao Tanaka, Eisaku Ito, Yuta Yamada, Masaki Nakamura, Daisuke Yamada, Motofumi Suzuki, Takashi Murata and Haruki Kume

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:8

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Although several distribution patterns of periprostatic neurovascular bundles have been proposed, variant dissection technique based on these patterns still confused surgeons. The aim of this study was to desc...

    Authors: Xuemei Li, Jianhui Wu, Qiliang Cai, Janming Pan, Qingguo Meng, Ping Zhang, Yong Xu and Lidong Zhai

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:6

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Emerging evidence has noted the important participation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in several human diseases including cancer. This research was launched to probe the function of miR-381 in bladder cancer (BCa) pro...

    Authors: Dayin Chen, Liang Cheng, Huifeng Cao and Wensi Liu

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:5

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  25. Bladder tumors in pregnancy are extremely rare. No more than 50 cases have been published to date, including all histologic variants, and only three cases of bladder squamous cell carcinoma have been described.

    Authors: Pablo A. Rojas, Cristián González, Gonzalo P. Mendez, Alejandro Majerson and Ignacio F. San Francisco

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:4

    Content type: Case report

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  26. To explore the rate of Gleason sum upgrading (GSU) from biopsy to radical prostatectomy pathology and to develop a nomogram for predicting the probability of GSU in a Chinese cohort.

    Authors: Xiaochuan Wang, Yu Zhang, Fengbo Zhang, Zhengguo Ji, Peiqian Yang and Ye Tian

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:3

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  27. To compare robot-assisted simple enucleation with renal arterial cold perfusion (RACP-RASE) and RASE alone in complex renal tumors with regard to perioperative, functional and oncologic outcomes by propensity ...

    Authors: Qun Lu, Xiaozhi Zhao, Changwei Ji, Suhan Guo, Xuefeng Qiu, Guangxiang Liu, Shiwei Zhang, Xiaogong Li, Gutian Zhang, Xuebin Zhang and Hongqian Guo

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:2

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  28. Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone neoplasm and is sometimes referred to as osteocartilaginous exostosis. The symptoms caused by osteochondroma are rare, especially the urogenital complications. The...

    Authors: Li-cheng Song, Qian Xu, Hui Li, Zhi-jun Li, Ya Li, Ya-fei Qin, Bao-long Wang and Hua-feng Zhang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2021 21:1

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  29. Within the last decade, robotically-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) has become the standard for treating localized prostate cancer, causing a revival of the 45° Trendelenburg position. In this pilot...

    Authors: Clemens Wiesinger, Dominik Stefan Schoeb, Mathias Stockhammer, Emir Mirtezani, Lukas Mitterschiffthaler, Helga Wagner, Johann Knotzer and Walter Pauer

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:198

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  30. The neuroendocrine cells can cause a variety of malignancies throughout the human body known as the neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) or carcinoid tumors. The primary testicular carcinoid tumor (PTCT) accounts for ...

    Authors: Eugen Widmeier, Hannah Füllgraf and Cornelius F. Waller

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:197

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  31. In definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer, the SpaceOAR® System, a hydrogel spacer, is widely used to decrease the irradiated dose and toxicity of rectum. On the other hand, periprostatic abscesses f...

    Authors: Tairo Kashihara, Koji Inaba, Motokiyo Komiyama, Hiroki Nakayama, Kotaro Iijima, Shie Nishioka, Hiroyuki Okamoto, Nao Kikkawa, Yuko Kubo, Satoshi Shima, Satoshi Nakamura, Ayaka Takahashi, Kana Takahashi, Kae Okuma, Naoya Murakami, Hiroshi Igaki…

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:196

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  32. Bladder cancer is one of the most common urinary tract cancers. This study aims to estimate the survival rate of patients with bladder cancer according to the Cox proportional hazards model based on some key r...

    Authors: Mozhdeh Amiri, Sofimajidpour Heshmatollah, Nader Esmaeilnasab, Jamshid Khoubi, Ebrahim Ghaderi and Daem Roshani

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:195

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Data are scarce regarding intravesical maintenance therapy (MT) with the low-dose bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Tokyo strain. We investigated the efficacy and safety of MT with a half dose of the Tokyo strain...

    Authors: Dai Koguchi, Kazumasa Matsumoto, Takahiro Hirayama, Shigetaka Moroo, Momoko Kobayashi, Hiroki Katsumata, Masaomi Ikeda and Masatsugu Iwamura

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:194

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  34. We found that the bladders of multiple sclerosis mice were significantly fibrotic. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fibronectin 1 (FN1) and bladder fibrosis, as well as the microRNAs in...

    Authors: Bowen Liu, Yafei Ding, Peng Li, Tao Wang, Siyuan He, Zhankui Jia and Jinjian Yang

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:193

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are prevalent among pregnant women. Several articles show the impact of LUTS on pregnant women’s quality of life (QoL). This study was designed to examine the impact of non-...

    Authors: Qais T. Ahmad, Jaffar H. Saffarini, Ahmad M. Samara, Dima S. Jabri, Zaina H. Safarini, Yousra M. Banijaber, Ahmad Jaradat, Faris Abushamma and Sa’ed H. Zyoud

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:191

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. To develop a questionnaire to facilitate the inventorying of women’s expectations for the assessment and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in secondary care.

    Authors: J. J. Pat, T. v. d. Aart, M. G. Steffens, L. P. W. Witte and M. H. Blanker

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:190

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  38. Hypospadias, the most frequent congenital male external genitalia abnormality, is usually associated with curvature of the ventral penis, i.e. chordee. Abnormality of darto tissue has been suggested as the pat...

    Authors: Prahara Yuri, Gunadi, Rahmadani Puji Lestari, Firly Putri Fardilla, Wiwit Ananda Wahyu Setyaningsih, Nur Arfian and Ishandono Dachlan

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:189

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. It has been reported that Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection was more prevalent in infertile populations. HP infection could lead to decreased sperm parameters, and treating the HP infection could improve the qua...

    Authors: Chun Feng, Ping-Ping Lv, Chang-Chang Huang, Song-Qing Yang, Qiu-Ping Yao, Jin-Ming Shen and Min Jin

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:188

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Urology 2021 21:19

  40. Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer in the UK, with about 10,000 new cases annually. About 75–85% of BC are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC), which is associated with high recurrence and progression ...

    Authors: Peter Ella-Tongwiis, Rebecca May Lamb, Alexander Makanga, Iqbal Shergill and Stephen Fôn Hughes

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:187

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Complications in the urinary tract related to congenital Zika syndrome have recently been reported. One complication, cryptorchidism, has been reported by the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group/MERG, in Pern...

    Authors: Rômulo A. L. de Vasconcelos, Ricardo A. A. Ximenes, Adriano A. Calado, Celina M. T. Martelli, Andreia V. Gonçalves, Elizabeth B. Brickley, Thalia V. B. de Araújo, Maria A. W. Rocha and Demócrito de B. Miranda-Filho

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:186

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  43. Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) and proper adjustment of saline irrigation speed are important to avoid CBI failure in hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant...

    Authors: Wenbo Yang, Yiqing Du, Zhan Qu, Wenjun Bai, Luping Yu, Xiaopeng Zhang, Qi Wang, Xiaowei Zhang, Qing Li and Tao Xu

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:184

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and clinical outcomes of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for patients with renal stones using pure fluoroscopy (FS) or ultrasound-assisted (USa) localization with t...

    Authors: Tsung-Hsin Chang, Wun-Rong Lin, Wei-Kung Tsai, Pai-Kai Chiang, Marcelo Chen, Jen-Shu Tseng and Allen W. Chiu

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:183

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is a rare tumor that typically occurs in the pelvis and perineum, most commonly in women of reproductive age. However, no para-ureteral AA has been reported according to the literat...

    Authors: Ming Liu, Ting-Shuai Zhai, Xiao-Feng Zhao, Li-Jin Feng, Xin-Sheng Lyu, Lan-Ting Hu, Zheng-Xin Wang, Wei-Guo Ma, Jian Zhang, Xiao Chen, Bin-Jie Su, Xu-Dong Yao, Jing-Yi Lu and Lin Ye

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:182

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  46. To evaluate patient-reported outcomes with ramucirumab plus docetaxel, a regimen which improved progression-free survival in platinum-refractory advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC).

    Authors: Andrea Necchi, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Nobuaki Matsubara, Jae-Lyun Lee, Daniel P. Petrylak, Ronald de Wit, Alexandra Drakaki, Astra M. Liepa, Huzhang Mao, Katherine Bell-McGuinn and Thomas Powles

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:181

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome is a bladder disease usually characterized by pain, urgency, and frequency. Interstitial cystitis is currently classified into two subtypes, with and without Hunner’...

    Authors: Elijah P. Ward, Sarah N. Bartolone, Michael B. Chancellor, Kenneth M. Peters and Laura E. Lamb

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:180

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Girls’ pelvic fracture bladder neck avulsion and urethral rupture is rare however it causes great morbidity. The management is complex and not standard yet. We report our experience and a technique of bladder ...

    Authors: Rong Lv, Chongrui Jin, Huiquan Shu, Lin Wang and Yinglong Sa

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:179

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Most cases of antenatal the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grade 1or 2 hydronephrosis (HN) improve or resolve spontaneously with conservative treatment. However, there is no consensus on the duration of follow...

    Authors: Akihiro Nakane, Kentaro Mizuno, Taiki Kato, Hidenori Nishio, Hideyuki Kamisawa, Satoshi Kurokawa, Tetsuji Maruyama, Takahiro Yasui and Yutaro Hayashi

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:178

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Unplanned hospitalization following ureteroscopy (URS) for urinary stone disease is associated with patient morbidity and increased healthcare costs. To this effect, AUA guidelines recommend at least a urinaly...

    Authors: Adam Cole, Jaya Telang, Tae-Kyung Kim, Kavya Swarna, Ji Qi, Casey Dauw, Brian Seifman, Mazen Abdelhady, William Roberts, John Hollingsworth and Khurshid R. Ghani

    Citation: BMC Urology 2020 20:176

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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