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  1. Currently, men are younger at the time of diagnosis of prostate cancer and more interested in less invasive surgical approaches (traditional laparoscopy, 3D-laparoscopy, robotics). Outcomes of continence, erec...

    Authors: Pierluigi Bove, Valerio Iacovelli, Francesco Celestino, Francesco De Carlo, Giuseppe Vespasiani and Enrico Finazzi Agrò
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. In this paper, we observed a discrepancy of penile hemodynamics dependent on location by using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor, and showcase NIRS as a potentially suitable sensor in supplementing the ...

    Authors: Evgenii Kim, Songhyun Lee, Zephaniah Phillips V and Jae G Kim
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) represents an option in restaging of prostate cancer patients with disease relapse after local treatment. The present study assess whether salv...

    Authors: Alexander Winter, Rolf-Peter Henke and Friedhelm Wawroschek
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. We produced a novel model of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) by periurethral injection of hyaluronic acid and compared the cystometric features, postoperative complications, and histopathological changes of t...

    Authors: Yongquan Wang, Zhiyong Xiong, Wei Gong, Zhansong Zhou and Gensheng Lu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) is a neurotransmitter and inflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathophysiology of lower urinary tract disease. ATP additionally reflects microbial biomass thus has potential ...

    Authors: Kiren Gill, Harry Horsley, Anthony S Kupelian, Gianluca Baio, Maria De Iorio, Sanchutha Sathiananamoorthy, Rajvinder Khasriya, Jennifer L Rohn, Scott S Wildman and James Malone-Lee
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic prescribed off-label for the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE). However, tramadol may cause addiction and difficulty in breathing and the beneficial effect of tra...

    Authors: Marrissa Martyn-St James, Katy Cooper, Eva Kaltenthaler, Kath Dickinson, Anna Cantrell, Kevan Wylie, Leila Frodsham and Catherine Hood
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare malignancy. Radical surgery is suggested as the best available treatment for early-stage disease, but there is currently no consensus on standard chemotherapy re...

    Authors: Bin Yu, Jin Zhou, Hongzhou Cai, Ting Xu, Zicheng Xu, Qing Zou and Min Gu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:3
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. To investigate the expression of parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor 1 (PTH1R) in clinical specimens of normal and diseased bladders. PTHrP is a unique stretch-induced endogenous det...

    Authors: Nobuyuki Nishikawa, Rie Yago, Yuichiro Yamazaki, Hiromitsu Negoro, Mari Suzuki, Masaaki Imamura, Yoshinobu Toda, Kazunari Tanabe, Osamu Ogawa and Akihiro Kanematsu
    Citation: BMC Urology 2015 15:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development is a rare genetic syndrome, characterized by a complete or partial mismatch between genetic sex and phenotypic sex, which results in infertility because of the abse...

    Authors: Tian-Fu Li, Qiu-Yue Wu, Cui Zhang, Wei-Wei Li, Qing Zhou, Wei-Jun Jiang, Ying-Xia Cui, Xin-Yi Xia and Yi-Chao Shi
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:104
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  13. Aim of this study was to make a comparison between penile cuff test (PCT) and standard pressure-flow study (PFS) in the preoperative evaluation of patients candidates for trans-urethral resection of prostate (...

    Authors: Daniele Bianchi, Angelo Di Santo, Gabriele Gaziev, Roberto Miano, Stefania Musco, Giuseppe Vespasiani and Enrico Finazzi Agrò
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:103
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is a mixed group of tumors that constitutes about 15-20% of all renal cortical cancers. Strong enhancement on computerized tomography (CT) is a feature of clear cell, but ...

    Authors: Shaheen Alanee, Danuta I Dynda, Patrick Hemmer and Bradley Schwartz
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:102
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. Partial nephrectomy has been underutilized in the United States. We investigated national trends in partial nephrectomy (PN) utilization before and after publication of the American Urological Association (AUA...

    Authors: Michael A Liss, Song Wang, Kerrin Palazzi, Ramzi Jabaji, Nishant Patel, Hak J Lee, J Kellogg Parsons and Ithaar H Derweesh
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:101
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Partial segmental thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum (PSTCC) is a rare disease predominantly occurring in young men. Cardinal symptoms are pain and perineal swelling. Although several risk factors are describ...

    Authors: Stephanie Sauer, Jan P Goltz, Tobias Gassenmaier, Andreas S Kunz, Thorsten A Bley, Detlef Klein and Bernhard Petritsch
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:100
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  17. Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the most common treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a significant bothersome sequela after radical prostatectomy that may dramatica...

    Authors: Wei Wang, Qing Mei Huang, Feng Ping Liu and Qi Qi Mao
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:99
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Black men with prostate cancer are diagnosed at a younger age, present with more aggressive disease, and experience higher mortality. We sought to assess pathological features and biochemical recurrence (BCR) ...

    Authors: Kelvin A Moses, Ling Y Chen, Daniel D Sjoberg, Melanie Bernstein and Karim A Touijer
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:98
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. There is paucity of data as to the results of the endoscopic approach in comparison to the golden standard of nephro-ureterectomy in elective, low grade TCC, patients. Our purpose is to report our results of a...

    Authors: Azik Hoffman, Ofer Yossepowitch, Yaron Erlich, Ronen Holland and David Lifshitz
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:97
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Acute hypokalaemic paralysis is characterised by acute flaccid muscle weakness and has a complex aetiological spectrum. Herein we report, for the first time, a case of unilateral adrenal hyperplasia accompanie...

    Authors: Bo Yang, Yuan Yang, Wenling Tu, Ying Shen and Qiang Dong
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:96
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  21. To determine the relationship between renal cell carcinoma subtypes and the associated mortality and biochemical parameters. An additional aim was to analyze multiphasic multidetector computed tomography findi...

    Authors: Suat Keskin, Zeynep Keskin, Hakan Hakki Taskapu, Havva Kalkan, Mehmet Kaynar, Necdet Poyraz and Hatice Toy
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:95
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent entity in elderly men and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) still represents the gold standard of surgical treatment despite its considerable peri...

    Authors: Dominik Abt, Livio Mordasini, Lukas Hechelhammer, Thomas M Kessler, Hans-Peter Schmid and Daniel S Engeler
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:94
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  23. Urethrocutaneous fistulae (UCFs) represent one of the most frequent causes of morbidity after urethroplasty. Hypospadias can be repaired using different surgical techniques, but—regardless of technique—the inc...

    Authors: Gabriela Ambriz-González, Pedro Aguirre-Ramirez, José Manuel García-de León, Francisco Javier León-Frutos, Sergio Adrián Montero-Cruz, Xóchilt Trujillo, Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco, Michel Dassaejv Macías-Amezcua, Andrea del Socorro Álvarez-Villaseñor, Ana Olivia Cortés-Flores, Mariana Chávez-Tostado and Alejandro González-Ojeda
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:93
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. In patients with localized high-risk prostate cancer awaiting radiation therapy, pelvic lymphadenectomy (PL) is a reliable minimally invasive staging procedure. We compared outcomes after laparoendoscopic sing...

    Authors: Frank Friedersdorff, Seven Johannes Aghdassi, Ahmed Magheli, Maximilian Richter, Carsten Stephan, Jonas Busch, Dirk Boehmer, Kurt Miller and T Florian Fuller
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:92
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Irrigation or washouts of the bladder are usually performed in various clinical settings. In the 1980s Elliot and colleagues argued that urothelial damage could occur after washouts and irrigations of the blad...

    Authors: Marco Di Paolo, Valentina Bugelli, Alessandro Di Luca and Emanuela Turillazzi
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:91
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  26. Cystoscopy evokes discomfort and pain, especially in males. The cystoscopic retrograde approach is standard in the removal of ureteral stents. However the satisfaction and degree of pain during the procedure a...

    Authors: Jae Heon Kim, Sun Young Park, Mun Gyu Kim, Hoon Choi, Dan Song, Sung Woo Cho and Yun Seob Song
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:90
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection represents the standard treatment for muscle-invasive, and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers. Aim of this study was to report our case series of...

    Authors: Antonio Luigi Pastore, Giovanni Palleschi, Luigi Silvestri, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Mario Rizzello, Gianfranco Silecchia, Cosimo de Nunzio, Samer Fathi Al-Rawashdah, Vincenzo Petrozza and Antonio Carbone
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:89
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Acanthosis nigricans is characterized by hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis of the skin or mucous membranes. Its malignant form is associated with internal neoplasms, especially gastric adenocarcinoma (55–61...

    Authors: Joanna Kubicka-Wołkowska, Sylwia Dębska-Szmich, Maja Lisik-Habib, Marcin Noweta and Piotr Potemski
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:88
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  29. Cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) is relatively rare; CRCC is frequently misdiagnosed as a benign renal cyst. CRCC carries an excellent prognosis following surgical treatment. The aim of our study was to summ...

    Authors: Shanwen Chen, Baiye Jin, Liqi Xu, Guanghou Fu, Hongzhou Meng, Ben Liu, Jun Li and Dan Xia
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:87
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The objective of this population-based study was to assess patient, physician and tumour determinants associated with positive surgical margins after prostatectomy, and to assess the effects of positive surgic...

    Authors: Valesca P Retèl, Christine Bouchardy, Massimo Usel, Isabelle Neyroud-Caspar, Franz Schmidlin, Gregory Wirth, Christophe Iselin, Raymond Miralbell and Elisabetta Rapiti
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:86
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The causality of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is still not fully understood. Several studies indicate a significant increase of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in patients with OAB. However, in order to clarify w...

    Authors: Axel Hegele, Sonja Knippschild, Carsten Frohme, Jörg Hänze, Peter Olbert and Rainer Hofmann
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:85
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Overactive bladder (OAB)/ storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) have a high prevalence affecting up to 90% of men over 80 years. The role of sufficient therapies appears crucial. In the present review, w...

    Authors: Mauro Gacci, Giacomo Novara, Cosimo De Nunzio, Andrea Tubaro, Riccardo Schiavina, Eugenio Brunocilla, Arcangelo Sebastianelli, Matteo Salvi, Matthias Oelke, Stavros Gravas, Marco Carini and Sergio Serni
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:84
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Laparo Endoscopic Single-site Surgery (LESS) represents an evolution of minimally invasive surgery and aims to improve cosmetic outcome and reduce surgical trauma and complications associated with traditional ...

    Authors: Salvatore Micali, Ahmed Ghaith, Eugenio Martorana, Alessio Zordani, Angelo Territo and Giampaolo Bianchi
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:83
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Radical prostatectomy (RP) is a common treatment for prostate cancer (PCa). Morbidity, mortality and pathological outcomes may be superior in academic institutions. One explanation may be the involvement of on...

    Authors: Jasmir G Nayak, Darrel E Drachenberg, Elke Mau, Derek Suderman, Oliver Bucher, Pascal Lambert and Harvey Quon
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:82
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The optimal timing of salvage androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy is controversial. We compared the outcomes of ultra-early versus early salvage ADT.

    Authors: Satoru Taguchi, Hiroshi Fukuhara, Takeshi Azuma, Motofumi Suzuki, Tetsuya Fujimura, Tohru Nakagawa, Akira Ishikawa, Haruki Kume, Yasuhiko Igawa and Yukio Homma
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:81
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) has been developed in an attempt to further reduce the morbidity and scarring associated with laparoscopic surgery. In patients in whom there are indications to perf...

    Authors: Salvatore Micali, Alessio Zordani, Riccardo Galli, Eugenio Martorana, Micaela Piccoli, Gianni Cappelli and Giampaolo Bianchi
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:80
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. It is well recognized that the presence of positive surgical margins (PSM) after radical prostatectomy (RP) adversely affects cancer specific outcomes and recent evidence from randomized trials supports the us...

    Authors: Stepan Vesely, Ladislav Jarolim, Katerina Duskova, Marek Schmidt, Pavel Dusek and Marko Babjuk
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:79
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. The purpose of this study was to explore the budget impact of dutasteride plus tamsulosin fixed-dose combination (DUT + TAM FDC) versus tamsulosin monotherapy, in the treatment of patients with benign prostati...

    Authors: Maria Geitona, Pinelopi Karabela, Ioannis A Katsoulis, Hara Kousoulakou, Eleni Lyberopoulou, Eleftherios Bitros, Loukas Xaplanteris and Sotiria Papanicolaou
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:78
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are frequent in tuberous sclerosis and are responsible for a significant proportion of the morbidity in adulthood, mainly from bleeding complications, which are correlated to the s...

    Authors: Thierry Krummel, Julien Garnon, Hervé Lang, Afshin Gangi and Thierry Hannedouche
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:77
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  40. Inflammation is a critical component of tumorigenesis, and many cancers arise from sites of infection, chronic irritation, and inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines triggered by tumors alter hematologic compone...

    Authors: Sally Temraz, Deborah Mukherji, Zein Al Abideen Farhat, Rami Nasr, Maya Charafeddine, Mohammed Shahait, Mohammad Rachad Wehbe, Rami Abou Ghaida, Ibrahim Abu Gheida and Ali Shamseddine
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:76
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) is the actual gold-standard for the treatment of clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (cT1-2 with no indications for nephron-sparing surgery). Limited evidence...

    Authors: Anastasios D Asimakopoulos, Roberto Miano, Filippo Annino, Salvatore Micali, Enrico Spera, Beniamino Iorio, Giuseppe Vespasiani and Richard Gaston
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:75
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Representative statistics of surgical care among patients with kidney cancer are scant. With the introduction of the diagnosis related group system in Germany, it is now possible to provide nationwide statisti...

    Authors: Andreas Stang and Christian Büchel
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:74
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Cardiac metastases from renal cell carcinoma without vena caval involvement are extremely rare with a limited number of cases reported in the worldwide literature until now. Nevertheless, this rare location of...

    Authors: Anna M Czarnecka, Pawel Sobczuk, Fei Lian and Cezary Szczylik
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:73
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  44. The observed low metastatic potential and favorable survival of small incidentally detected renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have been a part of the rationale for recommending partial nephrectomy as a first treatm...

    Authors: Johann P Ingimarsson, Martin I Sigurdsson, Sverrir Hardarson, Vigdis Petursdottir, Eirikur Jonsson, Gudmundur V Einarsson and Tomas Gudbjartsson
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:72
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Urology 2015 15:5

  45. Inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a novel strategy used to treat malignancies. Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 by the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat hinders the refolding of unfolded protei...

    Authors: Akinori Sato, Takako Asano, Makoto Isono, Keiichi Ito and Tomohiko Asano
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:71
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. To review the possible mechanisms proposed to explain the etiology of 46, XX sex reversal by investigating the clinical characteristics and their relationships with chromosomal karyotype and the SRY(sex-determini...

    Authors: Qiu-Yue Wu, Na Li, Wei-Wei Li, Tian-Fu Li, Cui Zhang, Ying-Xia Cui, Xin-Yi Xia and Jin-Sheng Zhai
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:70
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The control of the lower urinary tract is a complex, multilevel process involving both the peripheral and central nervous system. Due to lesions of the neuraxis, most spinal cord injury patients suffer from ne...

    Authors: Lorenz Leitner, Matthias Walter, Patrick Freund, Ulrich Mehnert, Lars Michels, Spyros Kollias and Thomas M Kessler
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:68
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  49. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative estimated prostate weight on ultrasonography and clinical manifestations of transurethral resection (TUR) syndrome.

    Authors: Atsushi Fujiwara, Junko Nakahira, Toshiyuki Sawai, Teruo Inamoto and Toshiaki Minami
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:67
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. We have observed different clinical responses to botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in patients who had similar urodynamic parameters before the procedure. Furthermore, some bladders evaluated by cystography and cystos...

    Authors: Ronaldo Alvarenga Álvares, Ivana Duval Araújo and Marcelo Dias Sanches
    Citation: BMC Urology 2014 14:66
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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